Trauma bonding is a psychological phenomenon in which an individual develops an emotional attachment to someone who has caused them harm or distress. This phenomenon is commonly observed in abusive relationships, where the victim becomes emotionally connected to their abuser despite the pain and suffering they endure. The complexity of this bond can make it challenging for the victim to leave the situation, as their emotions create a confusing blend of love, dependence, and fear.
At its core, trauma bonding arises from a repetitive cycle of abuse and reconciliation. The abuser may shift between showing affection and inflicting harm, which fosters a sense of unpredictability. This cycle causes the victim to experience both hope and despair. They may cling to the positive moments, believing that the abuser can change or that love can triumph over pain. Unfortunately, this belief often perpetuates the cycle of abuse.